Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common labels hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 varieties of flowering plant life indigenous to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Probably the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia, notably China, Japan, and Korea. Most are shrubs 1 to 3 meters extra tall, but some are small trees and shrubs, among others lianas achieving up to 30 m (98 ft) by climbing up trees and shrubs. They could be either evergreen or deciduous, although generally cultivated temperate species are deciduous.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is currently very common, on Faial particularly, which is recognized as the "blue island" because of the vast number of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea blooms are created from early spring to late fall; they develop in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) frequently at the ends of the stems.
Usually the flowerheads contain two types of blooms: small non-showy bouquets in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy flowers with large bright colored sepals (tepals). These showy blossoms are expanded in a band often, or to the surface of the tiny flowers. Plant life in outdoors populations typically have few to nothing of the showy blossoms, while cultivated hydrangeas have been picked and bred to have significantly more of the larger type plants.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which includes the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead blossoms are large circular flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name implies, the comparative brain of an mop. On the other hand, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The bouquets of some viburnums and rhododendrons can seem, initially, similar to those of some hydrangeas.Colors and land acidityIn most kinds the blossoms are white, however in some kinds (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, red, light purple, or dark purple. In these kinds the color is damaged by the existence of aluminum ions which are available or tangled up depending upon the earth pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be dependant on the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will supply aluminum ions and produce flowers that are blue to purple typically, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and bring about pink or red flowers.
This is the effect of a color change of the bloom pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which is often taken up into hyperaccumulating plants.[6] Cutting down the pH of potting soils or mixes usually will not change the flower color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The capability to blue or green a hydrangea is also inspired by the cultivar. Some plants are selected for their ability to be blued, while others are bred and selected to be red, white or pink. The flower color of all other Hydrangea species is not afflicted by aluminum and cannot be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas likewise have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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