Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common labels hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 species of flowering plants local to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Undoubtedly the greatest varieties diversity is eastern Asia, notably China, Japan, and Korea. The majority are shrubs 1 to 3 meters tall, but some are small trees and shrubs, among others lianas reaching up to 30 m (98 foot) by climbing up trees. They can be either deciduous or evergreen, though the greatly cultivated temperate kinds are deciduous.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is currently very common, particularly on Faial, which is known as the "blue island" because of the multitude of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea bouquets are created from early spring to late fall months; they increase in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) frequently at the ends of the stems.
Usually the flowerheads contain two types of plants: small non-showy blooms in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy bouquets with large colorful sepals (tepals). These showy blossoms are expanded in a band often, or to the exterior of the tiny flowers. Vegetation in outdoors populations have few to none of the showy blooms typically, while cultivated hydrangeas have been selected and bred to have significantly more of the bigger type bouquets.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which include the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead blooms are large rounded flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name means, the head of a mop. On the other hand, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The plants of some viburnums and rhododendrons can appear, initially, much like those of some hydrangeas.Colors and ground acidityIn most types the blossoms are white, but in some varieties (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, pink, light purple, or dark crimson. In these varieties the colour is afflicted by the existence of aluminum ions which can be found or tied up depending upon the garden soil pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be dependant on the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will supply aluminum ions and produce flowers that are blue to purple typically, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and result in pink or red flowers.
This is caused by a color change of the flower pigments in the existence of aluminium ions which may be adopted into hyperaccumulating crops.[6] Reducing the pH of potting soils or mixes usually does not change the flower color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The ability to blue or pink a hydrangea is inspired by the cultivar also. Some plants are selected for their ability to be blued, while others are bred and selected to be red, white or pink. The flower color of all other Hydrangea species is not afflicted by aluminum and cannot be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas also have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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