Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common brands hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 species of flowering plants native to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Probably the greatest varieties diversity is within eastern Asia, notably China, Japan, and Korea. Most are shrubs 1 to 3 meters high, but some are small trees, yet others lianas getting up to 30 m (98 ft) by climbing up trees. They could be either evergreen or deciduous, though the extensively cultivated temperate species are all deciduous.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is now very common, particularly on Faial, which is known as the "blue island" due to the vast number of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea blooms are created from planting season to late fall months; they expand in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) most often at the ends of the stems.
Typically the flowerheads contain two types of bouquets: small non-showy bouquets in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy plants with large colourful sepals (tepals). These showy blossoms tend to be extended in a engagement ring, or to the exterior of the small flowers. Plants in untamed populations have few to none of the showy plants typically, while cultivated hydrangeas have been selected and bred to have more of the bigger type blooms.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which include the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead plants are large round flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name implies, the comparative mind of any mop. In contrast, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The plants of some viburnums and rhododendrons can seem, at first glance, a lot like those of some hydrangeas.Colors and soil acidityIn most varieties the flowers are white, however in some species (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, green, light crimson, or dark purple. In these species the color is influenced by the existence of aluminum ions which are available or tied up depending after the ground pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be dependant on the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will supply aluminum ions and typically produce flowers that are blue to purple, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and cause pink or red flowers.
This is the effect of a color change of the flower pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which can be taken up into hyperaccumulating plant life.[6] Bringing down the pH of potting soils or mixes usually will not change the rose color to blue, because these soils have no aluminum ions. The capability to blue or pink a hydrangea is also affected by the cultivar. Some plants are selected for their ability to be blued, while some are bred and selected to be red, white or pink. The flower color of all other Hydrangea species is not damaged by aluminum and can't be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas also have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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