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Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common names hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 varieties of flowering plants local to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Probably the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia, china notably, Japan, and Korea. The majority are shrubs 1 to 3 meters large, but some are small trees, and more lianas achieving up to 30 m (98 foot) by climbing up trees. They can be either deciduous or evergreen, although cultivated temperate kinds are all deciduous broadly.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is quite typical now, particularly on Faial, which is known as the "blue island" because of the multitude of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea plants are created from early spring to late fall; they expand in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) frequently at the ends of the stems.

Usually the flowerheads contain two types of flowers: small non-showy blossoms in the guts or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy bouquets with large colorful sepals (tepals). These showy bouquets are often prolonged in a band, or to the surface of the small flowers. Vegetation in wild populations have few to none of the showy flowers typically, while cultivated hydrangeas have been preferred and bred to have significantly more of the bigger type plants.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which include the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead blooms are large round flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name signifies, the comparative head of the mop. On the other hand, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.

The plants of some rhododendrons and viburnums can show up, at first glance, just like those of some hydrangeas.Colors and garden soil acidityIn most kinds the plants are white, however in some species (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, green, light purple, or dark purple. In these kinds the color is affected by the existence of light weight aluminum ions which are available or tied up depending upon the ground pH. For H. macrophylla and H. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be determined by the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will have available aluminum ions and produce flowers that are blue to purple typically, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and cause pink or red flowers.

This is the effect of a color change of the rose pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which can be taken up into hyperaccumulating vegetation.[6] Reducing the pH of potting soils or mixes usually does not change the bloom color to blue, because these soils haven't any aluminum ions. The ability to blue or pink a hydrangea is inspired by the cultivar also. Some plants are selected for his or her ability to be blued, while some are bred and selected to be red, pink or white. The flower color of most other Hydrangea species is not affected by aluminum and can't be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas likewise have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.