Hydrangea (/ha?'dre?nd?i?/;common names hydrangea or hortensia) is a genus of 70-75 varieties of flowering crops local to southern and eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, and Indonesia) and the Americas. Certainly the greatest varieties diversity is in eastern Asia, china notably, Japan, and Korea. Most are shrubs 1 to 3 meters high, but some are small trees and shrubs, and others lianas attaining up to 30 m (98 feet) by climbing up trees. They could be either deciduous or evergreen, though the cultivated temperate species are all deciduous generally.Having been introduced to the Azores, H. macrophylla is very common now, particularly on Faial, which is known as the "blue island" because of the vast number of hydrangeas present on the island.Life cycleHydrangea blooms are created from planting season to late autumn; they grow in flowerheads (corymbs or panicles) frequently at the ends of the stems.
Usually the flowerheads contain two types of flowers: small non-showy bouquets in the center or interior of the flowerhead, and large, showy bouquets with large bright colored sepals (tepals). These showy flowers are often expanded in a engagement ring, or to the exterior of the small flowers. Plants in wild populations have few to none of them of the showy flowers typically, while cultivated hydrangeas have been preferred and bred to have significantly more of the larger type blossoms.There are two flower arrangements in hydrangeas with Corymb style inflorescens, which includes the commonly grown "bigleaf hydrangea"--Hydrangea macrophylla. Mophead blooms are large round flowerheads resembling pom-poms or, as the name signifies, the comparative mind of an mop. In contrast, lacecap flowers bear round, flat flowerheads with a center core of subdued, small flowers surrounded by outer rings of larger flowers having showy sepals or tepals.
The bouquets of some rhododendrons and viburnums can look, at first glance, comparable to those of some hydrangeas.Colors and ground acidityIn most varieties the flowers are white, however in some varieties (notably H. macrophylla), can be blue, red, red, light purple, or dark crimson. In these species the color is affected by the occurrence of metal ions which can be found or tangled up depending upon the soil pH. For H. h and macrophylla. serrata cultivars, the flower color can be dependant on the relative acidity of the soil: an acidic soil (pH below 7), will have available aluminum ions and produce flowers that are blue to purple typically, whereas an alkaline soil (pH above 7) will tie up aluminum ions and lead to pink or red flowers.
This is caused by a color change of the blossom pigments in the occurrence of aluminium ions which is often taken up into hyperaccumulating vegetation.[6] Reducing the pH of potting soils or mixes usually will not change the blossom color to blue, because these soils haven't any aluminum ions. The ability to blue or green a hydrangea is also affected by the cultivar. Some plants are selected for his or her ability to be blued, while others are bred and selected to be red, pink or white. The flower color of most other Hydrangea species is not affected by aluminum and cannot be changed or shifted. Hydrangeas also have a nickname called 'Change Rose'.
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