Hydrangea Pics: Steinbeck Chrysanthemums Symbolism 英语泛读教程

Chrysanthemums, sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plant life of the genus Chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae. They are native to Asia and northeastern Europe. Most species originate from East Asia and the center of diversity is in China. There are many horticultural varieties and cultivars. The name "chrysanthemum" is derived from the Ancient Ancient greek language:?????? chrysos (gold) and Old Greek:??????? anthemon (flower).

Taxonomy

The genus once included more species, but was split several decades ago into several genera, putting the economically important florist's chrysanthemums in the genus Dendranthema. The naming of the genera has been contentious, but a ruling of the International Botanical Our elected representatives in 1999 changed the defining species of the genus to Chrysanthemum indicum, restoring the florist's chrysanthemums to the genus Chrysanthemum.The other species recently within the narrow view of the genus Chrysanthemum are now utilized in the genus Glebionis. The other genera separate from Chrysanthemum include Argyranthemum, Leucanthemopsis, Leucanthemum, Rhodanthemum, and Tanacetum.

Description

Outdoors Chrysanthemum taxa are herbaceous perennial plants or subshrubs. They have alternately set up leaves divided into leaflets with toothed or from time to time smooth edges. The compound inflorescence is an array of several flower minds, or sometimes a solitary head. The head has a base covered in layers of phyllaries. The simple row of beam florets are white, orange or red; many horticultural specimens have been carefully bred to bear many lanes of ray florets in a great variety of colours. The disc florets of wild taxa are yellowish. The fruit is a ribbed achene. Chrysanthemums, also known as 'mums', are one of the lovliest varieties of perennials that start blooming early in the fall. This is also known as favorite flower for the month of November.

Modern developed chrysanthemums are showier than their wild relatives. The flower heads occur in various forms, and is daisy-like or decorative, like pompons or buttons. This genus contains many hybrids and thousands of cultivars developed for horticultural purposes. Besides the traditional yellow, other colors are available, such as white, purple, and red. The most crucial hybrid is Chrysanthemum x morifolium (syn. C. x grandiflorum), derived primarily from C. indicum, but also involving other species.Over 140 varieties of chrysanthemum have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

Chrysanthemums are broken into two basic groups, garden hardy and exhibition. Garden hardy moms are new perennials in a position of wintering in most northern latitudes. Exhibition varieties are not usually as sturdy. Garden hardies are defined by their capability to create an abundance of small blooms with little if any mechanical assistance, such as staking, and withstanding wind and rain. Exhibition varieties, though, require staking, overwintering in a relatively dry, cool environment, and sometimes digging in night lights.

The exhibition types can be used to create many amazing plant forms, such as large disbudded blooms, spray varieties, and many artistically trained forms, such as thousand-bloom, standard (trees), fans, suspending baskets, topiary, bonsai, and cascades.

Chrysanthemum blooms are divided into 10 different bloom forms by the US National Chrysanthemum Culture, Inc., which is in preserving the international distinction system. The bloom forms are defined by the way in which the ray and disk florets are arranged. Chrysanthemum flowers are composed of many individual flowers (florets), each one capable of producing a seeds. The disk florets are in the center of the bloom head, and the ray florets are on the perimeter. The ray florets are believed imperfect flowers, as they only possess the female effective organs, while the storage florets are considered perfect flowers, as they own both male and female reproductive organs.